Curling is a sport in which a player shifts a rock on a sheet of ice toward a targeted area that is segmented into four concentric circles. It's related to bowls, boules and shuffleboard. Two teams, each with four players, took turns shifting polished granite boulders, also called stones, across the ice sheets curling sheets toward the house. >, a circular target marked on the ice. Each team has eight stones, with each player throwing two. The goal is to collect the highest scores for game ; points were scored for the rocks located closest to the center of the house at the end of each end, which was completed when both teams had thrown all their rocks. The game usually consists of eight or ten tips.
The curler can induce a curved path by causing the stone to slowly change as it slides, and the stone path can be more affected by the two sweepers with the accompanying broom as it slips down the sheet, using a broom to change the state. ice in front of the rock. Sweeping the stone makes it shrivel up less, and reduces the friction that slows the rock down. Many strategies and teamwork choose the ideal path and placement of stones for each situation, and the curling skill determines the extent to which the stone will achieve the desired result. This gives the curling nickname of "chess on ice".
Video Curling
Histori
Evidence that the curling was present in Scotland at the beginning of the 16th century included curled cubes inscribed with an unoccupied 1511 (along with other pads on 1551) when an old pond was drained in Dunblane, Scotland. The oldest curly stone in the world and the oldest football in the world is now kept in the same museum (Stirling Smith Art Gallery and Museum) in Stirling. The first written reference to the contest uses stone on ice derived from the records of the Paisley Abbey, Renfrewshire, in February 1541. Two paintings, "Winter Landscape with Bird Trap" and "The Hunters in the Snow" (both dated 1565) by Pieter Bruegel the Elder describes Flemish curling farmers, though without a broom; Scotland and the Low Countries have strong trade and cultural links during this period, which is also evident in the history of golf.
The curling word first appeared in print in 1620 in Perth, Scotland, in the introduction and poetry poem by Henry Adamson. This sport (and still, in Scotland and the settled areas of Scotland like southern New Zealand) is also known as "the roaring game" because the sounds of the rocks make as they pass over the pebbles ( water droplets applied to the play surface). The verbal noun curling is formed from the Scottish (and English) curl , which describes the motion of the stone.
Kilsyth Curling Club claims to be the first club in the world, formally established in 1716; still exist until now. Kilsyth also claims the world's oldest built curling pool in Colzium, in the form of a low dam that creates a shallow pond of about 100 to 250 meters (330 x 820 feet). The International Olympic Committee recognizes the Royal Caledonian Curling Club (founded as the Caledonian Curling Club in 1838) as the development of the first official rule for sport.
In the early history of curling, the stones play only flat rocks from rivers or fields, which have no hold and have inconsistent size, shape and subtlety. Some early stones have holes for fingers and thumbs, like a ten pin bowling ball. Unlike today, the thrower has little control over 'curl' or speed and relies more on luck than on accuracy, skill and strategy. This sport is often played in frozen streams although artificial ponds were built later in many cities in Scotland. For example, the Scottish poet David Gray described the curling whiskey curry at Luggie Water in Kirkintilloch.
In Darvel, East Ayrshire, the weavers relax by playing curlers using heavy weights of weight twisted beams , which are equipped with removable grips for that purpose. Many wives who will keep their husbands handled curved over the fireplace, polished brightly until the next time is needed. Pengeriting Central Canada often uses 'iron' instead of rock until the early 1900s; Canada is the only country known to have done it, while others experiment with wood or ice cans.
Outdoor curling is very popular in Scotland between the 16th and 19th centuries because the climate provides good ice conditions every winter. Scotland is home to an international regulatory agency for the curling, World Curling Federation in Perth, who is from the Royal Caledonian Curling Club committee, the mother of curling club.
Today, the most established sport in Canada, has been taken there by Scottish emigrants. The Royal Montreal Curling Club, the oldest active sports club in North America, was founded in 1807. The first curling club in the United States was founded in 1830, and the sport was introduced to Switzerland and Sweden before the end of the 19th century. century, also by the Scots. Today, curling is played throughout Europe and has spread to Brazil, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, China, and Korea.
The first world championship for braking was limited to men and was known as the Scotch Cup, held in Falkirk and Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1959. The first world title was won by the Canadian team from Regina, Saskatchewan, by Ernie Richardson. (The skip is a member of the team calling a shot; see below.)
Curling is one of the first sports that is popular among women and girls.
Olympic Scroll
Curling has been a medal sport at the Winter Olympics since the 1998 Winter Olympics. Currently including men's doubles, women's and mixed tournaments (mixed tournaments are held for the first time in 2018).
In February 2002, the International Olympic Committee retroactively decided that the curved competition of the 1924 Winter Olympics (originally called Semaine des Sports d'Hiver), or the International Winter Games) would be regarded as an official Olympic event and no longer considered a demonstration event. Thus, the first Olympic medal in the battle, which was then played outdoors, was awarded for the 1924 Winter Olympics, with gold medals won by England and Ireland, two silver medals by Sweden, and bronze by France. The demonstration tournament was also held during the 1932 Winter Olympics between four Canadian teams and four teams from the United States, with Canada winning 12 games to 4.
Since the 1998 Olympics, Canada has dominated the sport with their men's team winning gold in 2006, 2010, and 2014, and silver in 1998 and 2002. The women's team won gold in 1998 and 2014, silver in 2010, and bronze in 2002 and 2006. The mixed doubles team won gold in 2018.
Maps Curling
Tools
Curling sheet
The playing surface or curling sheet is defined by the Curling Rule of the World Curling Federation. This is a rectangular ice field, carefully prepared as high and as high as possible, 146 to 150 feet in length (45 to 46 m) wide by 14.5 to 16.5 feet (4.4 to 5.0 m). The shorter boundaries of the sheets are called backboards. Due to its elongated shape, multiple sheets can be placed side by side in the same arena, allowing many games to be played simultaneously.
The target, house , centered at the diameter junction , is stretched long into the middle of the sheet and the tee line, drawn 16 feet (4.9 m ) from, and parallel to, the backboard. These lines divide the house into four parts. The house consists of a central circle (buttons) and three concentric circles, of diameter 4, 8 and 12 feet, formed by painting or putting colored vinyl sheets under the ice and usually distinguished by color. A rock must at least touch the outer ring to get the score (see Scores below); otherwise the ring is just a visual aid for aiming and judging a rock closer to the button. Two pig lanes are drawn 37 feet (11 m) from, and parallel to, the back plank.
The hacks are fixed 12 feet (3.7 m) behind each button; the hack gives the thrower something to push while doing the throw. In indoor rinks, there are usually two fixed hacks, a rubber-covered hole, one on each side of the center line, with an inner edge of not more than 3 inches (76 mm) from the center line and the front edge on the hack line. Single-driven hacking can also be used.
Ice may be natural but is usually frozen by a refrigeration plant that pumps a brine solution through a number of pipes mounted longitudinally in the bottom of a shallow pan. Most curling clubs have ice makers whose main task is to care for ice. At the main championship is curved, ice care is very important. Major events, such as Brier or other national/international championships, are usually held in an arena that poses challenges for ice makers, who must constantly monitor and adjust ice and air temperature and humidity levels to ensure surface play. It is common for every ice sheet to have multiple sensors embedded to monitor surface temperatures, as well as probe mounted in the seating area (for moisture monitoring) and in the compressor chamber (to monitor the salt water supply and return temperature). The ice surface is maintained at a temperature of about 23 Â ° F (-5 Â ° C).
An important part of the play surface preparation is spraying water droplets onto the ice, which forms pebble at freezing. The graveled ice surface resembles an orange peel, and it moves on the pebbled ice. As the stone moves on the gravel, each round of stone causes it to curl into or out. The number of curls (usually referred to as foot curls) may change during a match like the pebbles used; ice makers should monitor this and prepare to scrape and restore surface pebbles before every game.
Curling stone
The curling stone (also sometimes called rock in North America) is made of granite and is determined by the World Curling Federation, which weighs between 38 and 44 pounds (17.24 and 19.96 kg), around maximum 36 inches (914.4 mm) and a minimum height of 4.5 inches (114.3 mm). The only part of the stone in contact with the ice is a walk surface, a narrow or flat annulus ring, from 0.25 to 0.50 inches (6.4 to 12.7 mm) and about 5 inches (130 mm). ) in diameter; sides of the convex bulge into the ring and the inside of the concave concave ring to clean the ice. The concave bottom was first proposed by J. S. Russell from Toronto, Ontario, Canada around 1870, and later adopted by the Scottish stone manufacturer Andrew Kay.
Granite for stone comes from two sources: Ailsa Craig, an island off the coast of Ayrshire Scotland, and Trefor Granite Quarry in Wales.
Ailsa Craig is a traditional source and produces two types of granite, Blue Hone and Ailsa Craig Common Green . Blue Hone has a very low water absorption, which prevents the action of freezing water repeatedly from the erosion of stones. Ailsa Craig Common Green is a lower quality granite than Blue Hone . In the past, the most curly stones were made of Blue Hone but the island is now a wildlife reserve and the mine is limited by environmental conditions that exclude blasting.
Kays of Scotland has been making curly stones in Mauchline, Ayrshire, since 1851 and has exclusive rights to granite Ailsa Craig, provided by the Marquess of Ailsa, whose family has owned the island since 1560. According to the 1881 Census, Andrew Kay employs 30 people at the plant pebbles in Mauchline. Ailsa Craig's last granite harvest by Kays takes place in 2013, after an 11-year hiatus; 2,000 tons harvested, enough to fill up anticipated orders until at least 2020. Kays has been involved in providing curling rocks for the Winter Olympics since Chamonix in 1924 and has been an exclusive manufacturer of curling stones for the Olympics since the 2006 Winter Olympics.
Trefor granite comes from the Yr Eifl or Trefor Granite Quarry in the village of Trefor on the north coast of the Ll Peninsula in Gwynedd, Wales and has produced granite since 1850. Trefor granite comes in pink shades , blue and gray. The mines supply exclusively curved granite boulders to Canada, Canada's Curling Stone Co., which has been producing stones since 1992 and supplying stones for the 2002 Winter Olympics.
A handle is attached by a bolt that runs vertically through a hole in the center of the rock. The handle allows the stone to be gripped and rotated upon discharge; on precisely prepared ice the rotation will bend ( curl ) the stone path to where the front edge of the rock is spinning, especially when the stone slows down. The handles are colored to identify each team, two popular colors in big tournaments are red and yellow. In competition, an electronic grip known as the eye on pigs can be installed to detect pig line violations. It electronically detects whether the hand throws the contact with the handle as it passes through the pig line and shows a violation by the lamp at the bottom of the handle. The eye on pigs eliminates human error and the need for a line officer. This is mandatory in high-level national and international competitions, but the cost, about US $ 650 each, currently puts it beyond the reach of most club curlers.
Curling broom
The curling broom , or
, is used to sweep the ice surface on the stone path (see sweep ) and is also often used as a counterweight tool during stone delivery.
Before the 1950s, the most curved broom was made of a strand of corn and was similar to a household broom that day. In 1958, Fern Marchessault of Montreal reversed corn straw in the middle of a broom. This broomstick style is referred to as Blackjack .
Artificial brooms made of artificial fabrics rather than corn, such as Rink Rat , also became common later during this time period. Before the late '60s, Scottish curly brushes were used mainly by Scottish people, as well as by recreational and elderly curlers, in lieu of broomsticks, as this technique was easier to learn. In the late sixties, competitive curlers from Calgary, Alberta, such as John Mayer, Bruce Stewart, and, later, the world junior championship team skipped by Paul Gowsell, proved that the curling brush could be the same (or more) effective without all the commonly used abrasions on a broom of corn. During that time period, there has been much debate among competitive curbs about which sweeping device is more effective: a brush or a broom. Finally, the brush wins with the majority of curlers making the switch to a cheaper and more efficient brush. Today, the brush has replaced the traditional maize broom at every level of curling; it is rare now to see curlers using corn brooms regularly.
The curly brush may have a cloth, pig's hair, or a horse's horse's head. The modern curler brush handle is usually a hollow tube made of fiberglass or carbon fiber instead of solid dowel solid length. The hollow tube lever is lighter and stronger than the wooden handle, allowing sweeping faster and also allows more downward force to be applied to the broom head with reduced shaft flex. The new "directional fabric" broom, which players fear will change the basics of sport by reducing the required skill level, has been accused of giving players an unfair advantage. The new broomstick is temporarily banned by World Curling Federation and Curling Canada for the 2015-2016 season. The new brooms give an unprecedented sweeper controlling the direction of the stone.
Shoes
Curling shoes are similar to ordinary athletic shoes except that they have different soles; slider shoe (commonly known as "slider") is designed for sliding feet and "gripper shoe" (usually known as gripper ) to hack legs.
The slider is designed to slide and typically has one Teflon. It is worn by throwers during shipments from hack and by sweepers or jumps to glide under the ice while sweeping or otherwise down the sheet quickly. Stainless steel was formerly common for slider soles, and "red brick" sliders with lateral blocks of PVC on soles are also available. Most of the shoes have a single full sliding surface, but some shoes have a sliding surface that only covers the outline of the shoe and other enhancements with a single full slider. Some shoes have a small disc slider covering the front and heel or just the front of the foot, allowing more flexibility in the sliding leg for the curler to play with the tuck delivery. When a player does not throw, the player's slider shoes can be temporarily given non-slippery by using a slip-on gripper. Ordinary athletic shoes can be converted into sliders by using a step-on or slip-on Teflon slider or by applying electrical or gaffer tapes directly to soles or on a piece of cardboard. This setting is often suitable for regular players or beginners.
The gripper is used by the pitcher on the hind leg when shipping and is designed to grip the ice. It may have normal athletic shoe soles or a special coating of rubber material applied to the palm of the thickness to match the shoe slides. The hacked toe tip can also have a rubber layer on the top surface or a flap that hangs over the toes to reduce wear on the top of the shoe while dragging on the ice behind the thrower.
Other tools
Other types of equipment include:
- Curly pants, made to bend to accommodate curling delivery.
- A stopwatch to set timing stones over a fixed distance to calculate their speed. Stopwatch can be attached either to clothing or brooms.
- Gloves and curved gloves, to keep the hands warm and increase the grip on the broom.
Gameplay
The goal of the game is to score points by dragging the rock to the center of the house, or "buttons", from another team's rock. Players from one team take turns taking shots from the far side of the yard. The end is completed when all eight stones of each team have been shipped, totaling sixteen stones. If teams are tied at the end of the game, play on for as much as is necessary to break the tie. The winner is the team with the highest score after all the ends (see Scoring below). A game can be defeated if it can not be won.
International competitive games are generally ten corners, so most of the national championships that send representatives to the World Championships or the Olympics also play ten ends. However, there is movement in the World Curling Tour to make the game only eight ends. Most tournaments on the tour have eight ends, as well as most recreational games.
In international competitions, each party is given 73 minutes to complete all of his pitches. Each team is also given two minutes for every 10-end game. If additional is required, each team is allowed 10 minutes of play time to complete the toss and another adds 60 seconds to each additional end. However, the "time-thinking" system, in which the timers of the game delivery team stopped shortly after rock shooters crossed the t-line during delivery, became more popular, especially in Canada. This system allows each team 38 minutes per 10 over, or 30 minutes per 8 ends, to make strategic and tactical decisions, with 4 minutes and 30 seconds ending for additional purposes. The "thinking time" system is implemented after it is recognized that teams playing aggressively (using series and other low-weight shots that require more time for the rock to rest) are basically punished for the time available than for teams that mainly use clicks that require less time per shot.
Shipping
The process of shifting the rocks down the sheet is known as delivery .
The skip , or team captain, will usually specify the necessary weights , play , and the line of the stone. This will be influenced by tactics at this point in the game, which may involve taking, blocking or tapping other rocks.
- The weight of stones is the speed, which depends on the sender's foot drive rather than the arm.
- The turn or curl is a round of stone, which gives it a curved track.
- The line is the throw direction ignoring the round effect.
The jump might communicate weight , change , line, and other tactics by calling or tapping a broom on ice. In the case of takeout, guard, or tap, the pass will show the stones involved.
Before shipping, the surface of the running stone is cleaned and the road across the ice sweeps with a broom if necessary, because all the dirt at the base of the stone or in its path can change the trajectory and damage the shot. Intrusion by a foreign object is called pick-up or pick .
Thrower throws from hack . Other players, usually jumps, are placed behind the keys to define tactics, weight , play , and rows , and the other two may sweep in front of the rock to affect the track (see Sweep, below). The players, with the exception of skipping, take turns throwing and sweeping; when one player (eg, lead) throws, the players do not throw (the second and third) sweep. When passing a throw, a third, or a jumping representative, take on his role.
Gripper launch shoes (with non-slip soles) positioned against one of the hacks; for right-handed left-handers placed on the left hack and vice versa for left handers. The thrower, now in the hack , coats the body with a square shoulder to the jump broom at the end for the line .
The stone is placed in front of the foot now in the hack. Rising a bit from the hack, the thrower pulls the stone back (some older curlers might actually lift the rock in this reverse motion) then lunges smoothly out of the hack pushing the rock forward while the slider legs are moved in front of the gripper feet, which trail behind. The thrust of this lung determines weight and hence the stone distance will travel. Although not mandatory, most curlers deliver the stone as it slips out of the hack. The balance may be aided by a hand-held broom with the back of the broom down so it slips. An older writer suggested that the player keep a "glance at the basilisk" on his target.
There are two types of delivery today, general flat-foot delivery as well as Tuck Manitoba shipping where curlers glide on the ball of the foot.
The stone is released when the pitcher approaches the pig line, where the point turn is given by clockwise or counterclockwise from about two or ten hourly positions to the twelve hours when it is released. The typical turnout level is about rotation 2 1 / 2 before taking a break.
The stone should be removed before its front end crosses the line near the pig, and must remove the distant pig line or else it is removed from play ( hogged ); an exception is made if the stone fails to stop outside the line long after rebounding from a rock that plays just past the pig line. Rules of release are rarely enforced at play clubs unless alleged abuse is occurring. However, in major tournaments it is strictly enforced; the "eye sensor on a pig" on the rock will indicate whether the stone has been thrown legally or not. The lights on the stone handles will glow green, indicating that the stone has been thrown legally, or red, in which case a stone thrown illegally will be withdrawn from the game instead of waiting for the stone to rest.
Sweep
Once the stone is delivered, its path is still influenced by two sweepers under the instruction of the leap. Sweeping is done for several reasons: to reduce friction under rocks, to reduce the number of curls, and to clear debris from stone roads. The stones arched more as they slowed down, so sweeping at the beginning of the journey tended to increase the distance as well as straighten the path, and sweep after the sideways movement set can increase the sideways distance. When swept, the pressure and speed of the brush head are key in slightly increasing the moisture layer formed under the rock.
One of the basic technical aspects of curling is knowing when to sweep. When the ice in front of the stone is swept away, the stone will usually run farther and more straight. In some situations, one of two changes in the path is undesirable. For example, stones may have too much weight, but require sweeping to prevent curling from being a guard. The team must decide which one is better: get a guard but travel too far, or hit a guard.
Many screams that lasted during a game of curling are jumps that call the line from a shot and the sweepers call weight . Skip evaluate the rock path and call the sweeper to sweep as necessary to maintain the intended path. The sweepers themselves are responsible for assessing the weight of the rock, ensuring the length of the trip is correct and communicating the weight of the rock back to pass. Some teams use the stopwatch time, from the back line to the nearest pig line as a sweeping aid. Many teams use Number System to communicate where out of 10 playable zones it is expected the stones will stop.
Typically, two sweepers will be on the opposite side of the stone path, although depending on which side of the sweeper's strength lies may not always be the case. Speed ​​and pressure are very important to sweep. In gripping the broom, one hand should be one third of the upper end (the non-brush tip) of the handle while the other hand should be one-third of the broom head. The broom angle to the ice should be such that the most likely force can be applied to the ice. The exact amount of pressure can vary from the relatively light brushing ("just cleaning" - to ensure the debris will not change the stone path) to rub the maximum pressure.
Sweeps are allowed anywhere on the ice to the tee line, as long as it is only for the team rock itself. After the cutting edge of the team rock across the tee line only one player can sweep it. Also, when a rock crosses the tee line, one player from another team is allowed to sweep it. This is the only case that the stone can be swept by members of the opposing team. In international rules, this player must pass; or if the jump is thrown, then the sweeping player must be a third player.
Burn rock
Occasionally, players may accidentally touch a rock with a broom or a part of their body. This is often referred to as burning stone. Players who touch the rock in such a way are expected to name their own offense as a matter of good sportsmanship. Touching stationary rocks when no moving stone (no ongoing delivery) is not an offense (unless the stationary stone is struck so that its position is changed), and is a common way to pass to indicate a stone to be removed.
When a stone is touched when the stones play, drugs vary between placing the stones when they end up being touched, replacing the stones as they should if no rock is touched, or the removal of the touched stone from the game. In non-formal league play, the league's non-infringement team has a final decision on where the stones are placed after the offense.
Shooting type
Many different types of shots are used to place the stone carefully for strategic or tactical reasons; they fall into three basic categories as follows:
Keepers are thrown in front of the house at the free guards zone , usually to protect rock-launchers at that moment) or to make firing opponents difficult. The guard shots include the central guard , the midline and the corner guard to the left or right side of the center line. See Free Guard Zone below.
Interesting is thrown just to get home. Shooting includes raise and angle lift , everywhere , and freeze .
Takeout is meant to remove rocks from the game and include peel , hit-and- roll and duplicate shot.
For a more complete list, see Glossary of Terms.
Free guard zone
Up to four miles have been played (two from each side), the stones in the free guard zone (the remaining stones in the area between the pig and the tee line, excluding the house) can not be removed by the opponent's stone though they can be moved as long as they are not removed from the game). This is known as the guard stone . If the guard stone is removed, they are placed back in their position before the shot is thrown, and the stone is removed from play and can not be played back. This rule is known as the four-stone or free zone guard rule (in the meantime in Canada, a "three-rock rule" has been applied, but that rule has been replaced by a rule four-rock).
This rule, a relatively new addition to the curling, was added in response to a guarded "guard" strategy of the opposing guard rock (knocking them out of the game at an angle causing the shooter's rock to also roll out of the game, leaving no stone on the ice). The lead team will often use this strategy during the game. By knocking down all the rocks, the opponent can get the best score of one point (if they have a hammer). Or, a team with a hammer can peel away stone by stone, which will empty the tip, keeping the last stone edge for the other end. This strategy has grown (mostly in Canada) because ice makers have become experts in creating predictable ice surfaces and the adoption of brushes allow for greater control over rocks. While a good strategy, this is made for unattractive games. Observers at the time noted that if two teams that are equally skilled in the skin game are dealing with each other with good ice, the outcome of the game will be predictable from who won the flip coin to have the last stone (or have got it on schedule) at the beginning of the game. 1990 Brier is considered by many curling fans as boring to watch as the amount of exfoliation and rapid adoption of the Free Guard Zone the following year reflects how disliked aspects of the game have become.
The free guard zone was originally called the Modified Moncton Rule and was developed from a suggestion made by Russ Howard to cashspiel Moncton 100 (with the richest prize ever awarded at the tournament) in Moncton, New Brunswick, in January 1990. "Howard's Rule" (which then known as the Moncton Rule), used for tournaments and based on the exercises that his team used, had the first four stones in the game that could not be wiped wherever they were at any time during the end. This method of play was changed by limiting the area in which a rock was protected into a free guard zone only for the first four stones to be cast and adopted as a Four-stone Free Guard Zone for international competition shortly thereafter. Canada remained on the traditional rule until the Free Zone Guardian Zone rules were adopted for the 1993-94 season. After several years of having a three-rock rule used for the Canadian championships and the winners then had to adjust to the four-stone rule at the World Championships, the Canadian Curling Association adopted the Free Guard Zone now in the 2002-2003 season.
One of the strategies that curlers have developed in response to the Free Guard Zone (Kevin Martin of Alberta is one of the best examples) is a "tick" game, where shots are made trying to knock (check) guards sideways, far enough to be difficult or not possible to use but still remaining in the game when the shot itself is not working. The effect is functionally identical to peeling the guard but significantly harder, because the shot that hit the guard too hard (disabling it out of the game) resulted in being replaced, while not hitting it hard enough may result in his tactics still useful to his opponent. There is also a greater possibility that the shot will lose the guard completely due to the greater accuracy required to make the shot. Due to the difficulty of making this type of shot, only the best team will usually try it, and it does not dominate the game as did the previous leather. Steve Gould from Manitoba popularized the fleas that were played throughout the face. This is more easily made because they give less speed on the object rock, thus increasing the likelihood that it stays playing even if the larger part of it is exposed.
Hammer
The last-rock or last-stone excellence is ultimately called hammer . Before the game, the team usually decides who gets the hammer at the end first either by coincidence (like a coin toss), with a "draw-to-button" contest, where representatives of each team take a picture to see who gets closer to the center of the ring , or, especially in tournament settings such as the Winter Olympics, by comparison to the team's win-and-loss record. At all the next end, the hammer belongs to a team that did not score at the previous end. In the absence of a team score, the hammer stays with the same team. Of course, it's easier to print points with a hammer than without; in tournament games, teams with a hammer usually try to score two or more points. If only one point is possible, the jump will often try to avoid scores altogether to keep the hammer until the next end, when two or more points may lie. This is called the blank tip . Printing without a hammer is often referred to as stealing , or stealing , and much more difficult.
Strategy
Curling is a strategy game, tactics, and skills. This strategy depends on the team's skills, opponent skills, ice conditions, match scores, how many ends are left and whether the team has the last stone advantage (hammer ). A team can play an end aggressively or defensively. Playing aggressively will put many rocks in play by throwing out most of the draw; this makes the game fun and very risky but the rewards can be very big. Playing defensively will throw a lot of hits preventing many rocks playing; these tend to be less attractive and less risky. A good drawing team will usually choose to play aggressively, while a good team will choose to play defensively.
If the team does not have a hammer in the end, he will choose to try clogging the four-foot zone at home to deny the opposing team's access to the button. This can be done by throwing a "center line" guard in front of the house in the midline, which can be tapped into the house later or withdrawn. If the team has a hammer, they will try to keep this four-legged free zone so they have access to the key area at all times. A team with a hammer might throw the corner guard as their first stone from an edge placed in front of the house but outside the four-foot zone to take advantage of the free guard zone. The corner guard is the key for a team to score two points at the end, because they can pull it around then or hit and roll over behind it, making the opposing team's shot to erase it more difficult.
Ideally, the strategy that ends for a team with a hammer is to score two or more points. Scoring one point is often a wasted opportunity, as they will lose the last-rock advantage for the next goal. If a team can not score two points, they will often try to "empty an end" by removing the remaining opposition stones and launching them; or, if there is no opposition rock, throw rocks into the house so no team gets the points, and the team with the hammer can try again the next tip to print two or more with it. Generally, a team without a hammer wants to force a team with a hammer just one point (so they can get the hammer back) or "steal" the tip by scoring one or more of their own points.
Generally, the greater the team's advantage in the game, the more steady they play. By hitting all the opponent's rocks, it eliminates the opportunity to gain many points, therefore maintaining excellence. If the main team is comfortable enough, leaving their own rock in the game can also be dangerous. Guards can be pulled by other teams, and rocks at home can be tapped back (if they are in front of the tee line) or freeze (if they are behind the tee line). Frozen stones are hard to remove, because it's "frozen" (in front and touch) to the opposing rock. At this point, a team will choose "peel", meaning that the stones they throw will not only hit their opposition rocks, but to roll out of the game as well. The skin is a blow that is thrown with the most power.
Acknowledge game
It is not uncommon at any level for the losing team to end the game before all the final is completed if they believe they no longer have a realistic winning chance. Competitive games end once the losing team has "run out of stones" - that is, having fewer stones in the game and available to play than the number of points needed to tie the game.
Dispute resolution
Most decisions about the rules are left to the leap, although in official tournaments, a decision may be left to the official. However, all score disputes are handled by the passing representative. No player other than the vice-player of each team must be at home while the score is being determined. In tournament games, the most frequent circumstances in which a decision should be made by someone other than a jumping vice is a jumping vice failure to approve which rock is closest to the button. An independent official (supervisor in Canada and World Championships) then measures the distance using a specially designed device that pivots in the center of the button. When no independent official is available, the vice leapfrog measures distance.
Scoring
The winner is the team that has the highest number of accumulated points on the completion of the top ten. Points scored at the end of each end are as follows: when each team has thrown eight stones, the team with the rock closest to the button wins it; The winning team is then awarded one point for each stone located closer to the keypad than the opponent's nearest stone.
Only stones that are at home are considered in the assessment. A stone is at home if it is within a 12 foot (3.7 m) zone or any part of its edge is located on the edge of the ring. Since the bottom of the stone is round, a little stone in the house will have no actual contact with the ring, which will pass beneath the rounded edges of the stone, but that is still taken into account. This type of stone is known as bite .
It may not be clear to the eye that the two stones are closer to the button (center) or if the stone is really biting or not. There are special tools to make this determination, but this can not be issued until after it's done. Therefore, the team can make strategic decisions during the end based on the assumption of rock positions that turned out to be wrong.
The score is marked on the scoreboard, where there are two types; baseball type and club scoreboard.
Baseball scoreboard was created for games aired on television for viewers who are not familiar with the club's scoreboard. The ends is indicated by columns 1 through 10 (or 11 for an additional final possibility to disconnect) plus an additional column for the total. Below are two rows, one for each team, containing team scores for that purpose and their total score in the right hand column.
Club scoreboard is traditional and is used in most curling clubs. Printing on this board only requires the use of (up to) 11-digit cards, whereas a baseball type that scores unknown digits (especially low digits like 1 ) may be required. The numbered middle row represents all possible accumulation scores, and the number placed on the team row represents the end at which the team reached the cumulative score. If the red team scores three points on the first end (called three-ender ), then 1 (indicates the first end) is placed next to number 3 on the red line. If they score two more in the second end, then 2 will be placed next to 5 on the red line, indicating that the red team has five points in total (3 2). This score board works because only one team can earn points in the end. However, some confusion may arise if there is no score point on a team, this is called empty end . The blank final number is usually listed in the furthest column on the right in the row of teams that have hammer (last rock advantage), or in a special place for the empty end.
The following example illustrates the differences between the two types. This example illustrates the men's final at the 2006 Winter Olympics.
Eight points - all the stones thrown by a calculated team - are the highest possible scores in the end, and are known as "eight-enders" or "snowmen". Scoring eight goals against a relatively competent team is very difficult; in curling, it is considered equivalent to throwing the perfect game in baseball. Probably the most famous snowman to come in the 2006 Player Championship. Future (2007) World Champion Kelly Scott scored eight points in one of his matches against 1998 Bronze World bronze medalist Cathy King.
Curling culture
The competition team is usually named after passing, for example, Tim Martin after passing Kevin Martin. Amateur league players can (and do) creatively name their teams, but when in competition (a bonspiel) the official team will have a standard name.
Top Curling Championships are usually played by a team of men or all women. This is known as mixing the mix when a team consists of two men and two women. Over the years, in the absence of a world championship or an Olympic mixed event, the national championship (where the Canadian Mixed Championships are the most prominent) is the highest level mixing competition. However, the European Mixed Curl Championship was inaugurated in 2005, the Double Curling World Championship Curling was set up in 2008, and the European Mixed Championship was replaced with the Mixed World Curling Championship in 2015. A mixed tournament was held at the Olympic level for the first time in 2018, though it is a double tournament, not four people.
Curling Tournaments can use the Schenkel system to determine the participants in a match.
Curling is played in many countries, including Canada, England (mainly Scotland), USA, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Denmark, Finland and Japan, all competing in world championships.
Curling has been described by many artists including: George Harvey, John Levack, The Dutch School, Charles Martin Hardie, John Elliot Maguire, John McGhie, and John George Brown.
Curling is very popular in Canada. Improvements in ice-making and changes in rules to improve scores and promoting complex strategies have increased the popularity of the already high sport in Canada, and large television viewers watched the annual curly show, especially the Scotties Heart Tournament (national championship for women), Tim Hortons Brier ( national championships for men), and women's and men's world championships.
Regardless of the small Canadian population in Manitoba (ranked 5th out of 10 Canadian provinces), the Manitoban team has won more Brier than any other provincial team. The Tournament of Hearts and the Brier is contested by provincial and territorial champions, and world championships by national champions.
Curling is a sport of the province of Saskatchewan. From there, Ernie Richardson and his family team dominated the Canadian and international shrinking during the late 1950s and early 1960s and have been considered the best men's curators of all time. Sandra Schmirler led her team to the first gold in women's braking at the 1998 Winter Olympics. When she died two years later from cancer, more than 15,000 people attended her funeral, and aired on national television.
Good sportsmanship
More than in many other team sports, good sportsmanship, often referred to as "Spirit of Curling", is an integral part of the curling. In the United States there is even a theology of curling.
Spirit of Curling also leads the team to congratulate their opponents for making a good shot, a form that sweeps strongly or spectacularly. Perhaps most importantly, Spirit of Curling states that a person never cheers on a mistake, mistake or irritation by his opponent (unlike most team sports) and one should not celebrate his own good shot during a match beyond the simple recognition of a shot like a nod of the head , fist or thumb movements. Simple congratulations, however, can be exchanged between winning team members after the game. On-the-ice celebrations are usually reserved for major tournament winners after winning the last championship game. It's totally unacceptable to try to throw an opposing player out of their game by means of negative comments, distractions or heckling.
A traditional match begins with the player shaking hands and saying "good wisps" or "having fun games" for every member of the opposing team. It is also traditional in some areas for the winning team to buy a losing team after the game. Even at the highest level of the game, players are expected to call their own offense.
It's not unusual for a team to admit a curling game after believing it no longer has any hope of winning. The concession is a respectable act and does not bring the stigma associated with quitting, and also allows for more socializing. To acknowledge the match, the losing team members offer congratulatory handshakes to the winning team. Thanks, luck and future hug hopes are usually exchanged between teams. To continue playing when the team does not have a realistic winning chance can be seen as a violation of etiquette.
Accessibility in spinning
Curling has been customized for wheelchair users and people who can not throw rocks from hacking. The curler can use a device known as a "delivery stick". Cue holding a stone handle and then pushed by curling. At the end of delivery, the curler pulls back on the cue, which releases it from the rock. Canadian Curling Association Curling Rules allow the use of delivery sticks at play clubs but not allow them in the championship.
The delivery sticks were specially created for old curlers in Canada in 1999. In early 2016 international initiatives began allowing the use of shipping sticks by over 60 year old players at the Senior Championship of the World Curling Championships, as well as in every projected Masters (60) in the future.
Terminology
Terms used to describe the game include:
Ice in the game may be fast (snappy) or slow . If ice is interested, the stone will move farther by a certain amount of weight (throwing power) above it. Ice velocity is measured in seconds. One such measure, known as "pig-to-pig" time, is the speed of stone and time in a matter of seconds the stone picks up from as it crosses a line near a pig up across a distant pig line. If this number is lower, the stone moves faster, so again the lower number means faster. Ice in the game will be somewhat consistent and thus this measure of speed can also be used to measure how far ice cubes will travel. Once it is determined that the stone takes (for example) 13 seconds to go from the pig line to the pig line to stop at the tee line, the curler can know that if the pig-to-pork time fits with the future stone, the stone will likely stop around the same. For example, on sharp ice, a common time may be 16 seconds for guard, 14 seconds for drawing, and 8 seconds for skin weight.
The backline for pig line speed is used primarily by the sweeper to get a sense of the beginning of the weight of the stone. For example, on a sharp ice, the common time may be 4.0 seconds for guard, 3.8 seconds for drawing, 3.2 for normal blow weight, and 2.9 seconds for skin weight. Especially at club level, this metric can be misleading, as amateurs sometimes push rocks when released, causing rocks to run faster than back-to-hog speeds.
Champions and big championships
The famous curling club
In popular culture
Curling is featured in "Boy Meets Curl", the twelfth episode of the twenty-first season 'The Simpsons' comedy series. This episode aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 14, 2010.
Men with Brooms is a 2002 Canadian film that takes a satire look at the curling. A TV adaptation, also titled Men with Broom , debuted in 2010 on CBC Television.
Episode of "Hurry Hard" Corner Gas involves the inhabitants of Dog River who compete in the form of local bonspiel curling for a fictitious "Clavet Cup". The episode also featured brilliant acting by Canadian curlers Randy Ferbey and Dave Nedohin.
See also
Note
Further reading
External links
- World Curling Federation
- Digital Archive CBC - Curling: Sweep Nation
- Bonspiel! History of Curling in Canada at the Library and Archives of Canada
- curling stone, Smithsonian Center for Folklore and Cultural Heritage.
- The Game Of The Magic Broom , March 1944 one of the first magazine articles to introduce curling games to the American public
- Canadian Curler User Algorithm with 1840 text
- Sportlistings.com - Directory List of World Curling Federations
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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