Johann Christian Bach (September 5, 1735 - January 1, 1782) was a composer of the Classical era, the eleventh surviving son and the youngest son of Johann Sebastian Bach. He is sometimes referred to as "the London Bach" or "the English Bach", because of the time he spends living in the British capital, where he came to be known as John Bach. He is famous for influencing the Mozart concert style.
Video Johann Christian Bach
Life
Johann Christian Bach was born from Johann Sebastian and Anna Magdaena Bach in Leipzig, Germany. Her esteemed father was 50 years old at birth - an age gap exemplified by the sharp distinction in the father and daughter music style. Even so, Bach's father instructed Johann Christian in music until his death in 1750. After his father's death, he worked (and lived) with his second eldest brother, Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, who is twenty-one years older than he and considered in time to became Bach's most musically gifted son.
He enjoyed a promising career, first as a later composer as a player who played alongside Carl Friedrich Abel, a famous player of viola da gamba. He composed cantatas, room music, keyboard and orchestral works, operas and symphonies.
Bach lived in Italy for many years beginning in 1756, studying with Padre Martini in Bologna. He became an organ in the cathedral of Milan in 1760. During his time in Italy, he moved from Lutheranism to Catholic and spent much time to the composition of church music, including two Masses, Requiem and Te Deum. His first major work was the Mass, which received excellent performance and was recognized in 1757. In 1762, Bach traveled to London for the premiÃÆ'¨re three operas at King's Theater, including Orione on February 19 1763. It built his reputation in England, and he became a music teacher for Queen Charlotte. In 1766, Bach met soprano Cecilia Grassi, who was eleven years younger than him, and married her shortly thereafter. They have no children.
In the late 1770s, his popularity and finances declined. At the time of Bach's death on New Year's Day 1782, he became very indebted (partly because his board embezzled his money), that Queen Charlotte stepped in to cover the cost of housing and provide a lifetime pension for Bach's widow. He is buried in the cemetery of Old Church St. Pancras, London.
Maps Johann Christian Bach
Legacy
The full story of J. C. Bach's career is given in the fourth volume of Charles Burney's History of Music .
There are two other people named Johann Christian Bach in the Bach family tree, but also not a composer.
Mozart, when he was 8, met Johann Christian Bach in London and became an admirer of his music. Mozart arranged the three sonatas of the last Op. 5 into the keyboard concert. Later, Mozart "often admits his artistic debt" to Johann Christian.
Work
JC Bach's works are numbered 'W', from Ernest Warburton's Thematic catalog (New York City: Garland Publishing, 1999).
References
Note
Source
- Hans T. David, A. Mendel, C. Wolff. New Bach Readers: Johann Sebastian Bach's Life in Letters and Documents (NY: Norton, 1998).
- Heinz GÃÆ'¤rtner (trans. by Reinhard Pauly). John Christian Bach: Mozart Friends and Mentors . (Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press, 1994).
- Philipp Spitta (trans by Clara Bell & J. A. Fuller-Maitland). Johann Sebastian Bach, his work and influence on German music, 1685-1750, 3 vols. (London: Novello & amp; Co., 1899): Vol I, Vol II, Vol III li>
- Charles Sanford Terry. John Christian Bach (London: Oxford University Press, 1967).
- Christoph Wolff et al. The New Grove Bach family. (NY: Norton, 1983) p. 315ff. ISBNÃ, 0-393-30088-9.
- Percy M. Young. The Bachs: 1500-1850 (London: J.M. Dent & Sons, Ltd., 1970).
External links
Informasi
- Johann Christian Bach di EncyclopÃÆ'¦dia Britannica
- J C Bach (classical.net)
- J C Bach (classicalarchives.com)
- J C Bach (pianosociety.com)
- Artikel: "Gainsborough and Music" oleh Brian Robins
Music
- Free scores by Johann Christian Bach at the International Music Scores Library Project (IMSLP)
- Piano sonatas Op. 17, 1-6 on YouTube
- Concerto di D major, Op. 13, No. 2, the first movement on YouTube
- Quartet on B-flat major on YouTube
- Flute sonatas, W. B 10-15, 1780 edition (from the Sibley Music Library Digital Collection Collection)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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